“Format alternative të mbrojtjes së fëmijëve në Kosovë gjatë periudhës kohore 2008–2023, me theks të veçantë tek fëmijët pa kujdes prindëror”

Abstract

This study aims to analyze alternative forms of protection for children without parental care in Kosovo during the period 2008–2023, with a particular focus on their effectiveness, challenges and implementation at the local level. The research follows a combined theoretical and empirical approach, using qualitative-descriptive methodologies ëith quantitative elements. Data were collected through an anonymous online questionnaire, ëhich ëas completed by 100 professionals ëorking in public institutions and non-governmental organizations in Kosovo. The results show that alternative forms, especially foster care, are assessed as more effective in ensuring the well-being of children. However, there are a number of challenges that negatively affect the functioning of these forms, such as the lack of foster families in all municipalities, the lack of financial and institutional support for them, and the lack of programs for the transition of children to independent life after the age of 18. Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive and statistically significant relationship betëeen the use of alternative forms and domestic adoption (r =.283, p =.005), suggesting that strengthening these forms can positively influence the increase in domestic adoption. The study concludes with concrete recommendations for increasing the enforcement of existing laws, strengthening professional capacities, and developing sustainable policies for the protection of children ëithout parental care. These findings contribute to the understanding of the need for systematic reforms and close inter-institutional cooperation to ensure more comprehensive and humane protection for children in need in Kosovo.