LEO satelitet dhe rëndësia e përdorimit të tyre në Kosovë

Abstract

With the rapid advancement of digital technologies, the use of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites has emerged as a promising solution to improve internet access and modern communication in countries with limited infrastructure. This study explores the significance, opportunities, and challenges of using LEO satellite technology as a modern solution to enhance internet access and digital communication in Kosovo. The research employed a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews as the main data collection method. The study sample consisted of five information technology experts, purposefully selected to provide in-depth insights into the potential, benefits, and challenges of implementing LEO satellites. Data collected from the interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically to identify key themes related to improving internet access and reducing the digital divide. The findings indicate that LEO satellites can significantly improve communication infrastructure in Kosovo, especially in rural and peripheral areas, due to their low latency, high transmission speed, and wide coverage. The technical benefits positively impact education, healthcare, public administration, and business, while successful implementation also depends on socio-economic and institutional factors, such as community education, public acceptance, supportive policies, and coordinated investments. However, key challenges include high initial costs, the need for specialized equipment, potential service interruptions due to weather conditions, and the lack of clear legal frameworks and institutional strategies.